From everyday activities like air travel, fire fighting, and running the United Way drive to amazing feats of human accomplishment like climbing Mt. Teams of people working together for a common cause touch all our lives. In the concluding section, we summarize our primary findings to highlight specific research, application, and policy recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of work groups and teams. There is a solid foundation for concluding that there is an emerging science of team effectiveness and that findings from this research foundation provide several means to improve team effectiveness. Topic-specific conclusions and recommendations are given throughout the review.

We then turn our attention to identifying interventions, or “levers,” that can shape or align team processes and thereby provide tools and applications that can improve team effectiveness. Our review begins by focusing on cognitive, motivational/affective, and behavioral team processes-processes that enable team members to combine their resources to resolve task demands and, in so doing, be effective. We then turn to our review, which concentrates primarily on topics that have well-developed theoretical and empirical foundations, to ensure that our conclusions and recommendations are on firm footing.

We begin by defining team effectiveness and establishing the conceptual underpinnings of our approach to understanding it.

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The Runner by W.J. Davies